And this is where you have to use the comma. Always place a comma before or when it begins an independent clause, but if it begins a dependent clause, don't. In a series (or list) of three or more items, you can use a comma before or, but this is a preference, not a rule. To understand if you should use a comma before which, we need to understand the difference between a restrictive and a non-restrictive clause.. A restrictive clause is one where its removal would alter the meaning of the sentence. Hence I've down-voted your answer. Whenever we refer to any previously mentioned things, then "which" is used there normally. A comma before "that" is only necessary when it introduces parenthetical information in the middle or at the end of a sentence. None of the examples you gave require a comma. Comma before "that". These words are called relative pronouns. Doin. Here's a tip: Commas can be tricky, but they don't have to trip you up. The presence of a comma ascertains where the pause begins and where it ends. This is true, but what they miss is that "who" and "which" should not be used in restrictive clauses. However, a pre-comma otherwise makes the sentence ungrammatical when "that" non-parenthetically functions as a . Also, when a nonrestrictive idea comes midway, the closing comma . Deciding whether to use a comma before which, where, or who means determining the function of the relative clause. When a non-restrictive clause appears in the middle of a sentence, place commas around it. Don't use a comma before which when it introduces an indirect question. Deciding whether to use a comma before which, where, or who means determining the function of the relative clause. The first one is when it coordinates two independent clauses in a compound sentence. No comma appears before "who." Therefore, what follows is a restrictive clause. Never have a sentence with a period before a quote. Inserting a parenthetical that-remark is possible regardless of the part of speech it belongs to. According to some authorities, such as Purdue OWL, yes, a comma should be used before "and" in that sentence:. You cannot use the punctuation rules of your native language when you write in English - you must use English rules. - O'Neill, scatter the nuns! It is necessary for understanding the meaning of the sentence. Different languages have different rules about how to use commas. As a general rule, you should use a comma to introduce quoted material or dialogue. When writing a non-restrictive clause, place a comma before which. You cannot use the punctuation rules of your native language when you write in English - you must use English rules. It is necessary for understanding the meaning of the sentence. It's a compound sentence, as you identified, and should therefore have a comma.. That being said, a more reasonable guideline, as given at . The comma would not be needed if which is a part of a prepositional phrase like 'The box in . But you also state that the "relative clause is non-defining, so it requires a comma." That is contradictory. These words are called relative pronouns. A comma indicates a pause in a sentence. There is also a prescriptive rule in American English, commonly quoted as "'which' can only be used in non-essential clauses", but the topic is rather . When the information that follows the relative pronouns is essential to the sentence, you do not use a comma. In your sentence, for those of you who are unawareis a nonrestrictive phrase that adds a little bit of extra information noun phrase that you've already mentioned in your sentence.So there should be a comma before which and after the end of the phrase (as you have already done) Your usage is correct. The comma before the word "and" in the sentence above is known as a serial comma. While this isn't an absolute rule it should be applied here. Also, when a nonrestrictive idea comes midway, the closing comma . ; A nonrestrictive clause is a phrase that adds non-essential information to a sentence without changing the overall meaning. Main Takeaways: Place a comma before which when which precedes a nonrestrictive clause. Whenever we refer to any previously mentioned things, then "which" is used there normally. Nonrestrictive information refers to any additional, emphatic remarks that are grammatically dispensable or removable from the rest of the sentence. You can place a comma before "like" when it is used as a filler word, when it starts a parenthetical element, or when it is used after a parenthesis to add extra information to a sentence. A coordinating conjunction is used to connect words, phrases, and clauses. Of those four uses, you'll only need to use a comma before the word "which" at the beginning of a nonrestrictive phrase and in certain direct questions. Grammar. To help you understand what we mean by each case, we can separate them into groups. When the information that follows the relative pronouns is essential to the sentence, you do not use a comma. Using That In other words, there is virtually never a comma before "that", unless there is some other reason to use a comma, such as another non-essential subordinate clause ending there. Different languages have different rules about how to use commas. As a rule of thumb, you don't use a comma before a clause that begins with that. Use commas to separate independent clauses when they are joined by any of these seven coordinating conjunctions: and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet. It also has an interactive exercise. These are the only ways when a comma works best before "like.". When To Use A Comma Before Which. When a non-restrictive clause appears in the middle of a sentence, place commas around it. It's a compound sentence, as you identified, and should therefore have a comma.. That being said, a more reasonable guideline, as given at . As a general rule, you should use a comma to introduce quoted material or dialogue. A comma before "which" is necessary when it introduces nonrestrictive information either midsentence or towards the end of it. It's much better to use "that". Comma before quotes or after. A nonrestrictive clause doesn't. You never need a comma before "that." However, sometimes, you need a comma before "which" and "who." Here is the rule for using a comma before "which" and "who": If the information added by the "who" or "which" clause is additional information (i.e., it's not essential to define another word), then offset the clause with commas. The second is when it is used as the initial element in a parenthetical expression. I'm currently studying for my year 2 in crystal healing, and I have a lot of written work to. The comma is a bad choice here. Comma before "that". In the US, many style guides suggest that you should use "that" rather than "which" for restrictive . Do not use a comma before 'which' if you could replace your 'which' with 'that.' This trick works because 'which' without a comma is used to head a defining clause, just like 'that.' This page has examples explaining when to use commas before 'which' and 'who' and when to omit commas. In the US, many style guides suggest that you should use "that" rather than "which" for restrictive . Changing "that" to ", which" should be considered as an option here, if you want the "non-restrictive" relative clause. Don't use a comma before which when it introduces an indirect question. Common starter words for introductory clauses that should be followed by a comma include after, although, as, because, if, since, when, while. The comma would not be needed if which is a part of a prepositional phrase like 'The box in . These clauses always use a comma before which. 2. ; Don't place a comma before which when which is part of a prepositional phrase. When to Use a Comma Before Because | Grammarly top www.grammarly.com. There is also a prescriptive rule in American English, commonly quoted as "'which' can only be used in non-essential clauses", but the topic is rather . When we do this, we create a nonrestrictive phrase or non-defining clause. You're veering to the territory of restrictive and nonrestrictive clauses. ; Don't use a comma before which when it's used to pose an indirect question. Don't use a comma before which when it's part of a prepositional phrase, such as "in which.". Which is a relative pronoun and determiner. Putting a comma before "that" is a very common mistake: The claimant's attorney stated, that his client was unable to attend the . When you write the phrase "with the exception of", it's normally best that you put a comma before the "with". People often get muddled about whether to place a comma before conjunctions like and, so, because, and or. You're veering to the territory of restrictive and nonrestrictive clauses. Answer (1 of 5): Others have suggested that the comma (or a pair of them) is needed for a parenthetical clause and must not be used for a restrictive clause. Comma before "or" in more detail. In your sentence, for those of you who are unawareis a nonrestrictive phrase that adds a little bit of extra information noun phrase that you've already mentioned in your sentence.So there should be a comma before which and after the end of the phrase (as you have already done) Your usage is correct. To illustrate the difference, imagine you have a music store and you are selling vinta. Use commas after introductory a) clauses, b) phrases, or c) words that come before the main clause. Hi, I'm new to this forum, and if possible, would like some help. Using That "Which" is used to explain the hidden things that are informative to the reader. However, a pre-comma otherwise makes the sentence ungrammatical when "that" non-parenthetically functions as a . The word can be used as part of a nonrestrictive phrase, restrictive phrase, or prepositional phrase, and it can be used as an interrogative word. A comma before "which" is necessary when it introduces nonrestrictive information either midsentence or towards the end of it. Using a comma before or after a word, phrase, or clause depends on where you intend to have that pause in a given sentence. There's a van full of examples coming through! People often get muddled about whether to place a comma before conjunctions like and, so, because, and or. Never have a sentence with a period before a quote. These words do not take a comma before the quotes unless it is appropriate for the sentence in general that is unless the grammar calls for it. Putting a comma before "that" is a very common mistake: The claimant's attorney stated, that his client was unable to attend the . While writing any text, when we use which, we often make a nonrestrictive phrase. The word can be used as part of a nonrestrictive phrase, restrictive phrase, or prepositional phrase, and it can be used as an interrogative word. If it isn't, please correct me. You can place a comma before "like" when it is used as a filler word, when it starts a parenthetical element, or when it is used after a parenthesis to add extra information to a sentence. Explaining the comma before which. Do not use a comma before 'which' if you could replace your 'which' with 'that.' This trick works because 'which' without a comma is used to head a defining clause, just like 'that.' This page has examples explaining when to use commas before 'which' and 'who' and when to omit commas. It also has an interactive exercise. ; Don't use a comma before which when it's used to pose an indirect question. Don't use a comma before which when it's part of a prepositional phrase, such as "in which.".
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